Henry held Amanda's hand as they walked the length of the lilac lined path from her house to the wagon road. The "courting couple" had just finished eating supper with her family that crisp fall day in 1862. They had dined on rabbit stew, fried apples, corn bread, sweet corn, lima beans, black-eye peas, poke greens, and ginger cakes. Amanda knew Henry had something on his mind. He had said so little during the meal and afterwards. The strapping young river boatman mostly stared at the dusty ground as they walked.

"Miss Amanda," he nervously began, I've been hearing talk down on the boat landings about the big war being fought to free the slaves. They say it's not going well for the Union forces. I even talked to a fellow from out Pennsylvania way who was on river signing up able-bodied colored men to join the Union Army. He said there was a volunteer army regiment of Negro soldiers starting up in Massachusetts. Mr. Frederick Douglass, the abolitionist we read about in The Corydon Democrat, was the man who asked President Lincoln to let free Negroes fight the Rebels."

"What does that have to do with us Mr. Henry? We were born free here in southern Indiana. I teach school, and you have a good job on the river."

"This man from Pennsylvania," Henry continued, "gave me this paper." He slowly unfolded a printed flyer that urged enlistment of Negroes into the Union Army. Amanda took the paper into trembling hands and quickly read its urgent message.

Henry quietly said, "Before my Pa died, he told me about how hard it was to be a slave. He escaped on the Underground Railroad with the help of a black woman. She was like a mother to him. He liked her so much that he took her name of Tubman as his own. That's why I must go to Massachusetts and join up."

Henry's declaration shocked Amanda who froze in silent dismay. Her eyes filled with stinging tears as her heart sank like a leaden weight in her chest. Although the weather was quite pleasant, Amanda shivered like a cold breeze suddenly chilled the air. The distraught young woman fairly screamed, "Mr. Henry, don't you care for me at all? Why do you want to go away from me?" With that explosion of feelings, she turned and ran toward the house. Henry called after her, "Wait, Miss Amanda! Let me tell you more about it . . .” She had already gone inside and closed the door. Her actions perplexed and worried him. He wondered if he was the only man who could not understand a woman's ways.

Several days later Henry got up enough nerve to call on Amanda at her father's house. She politely met him after supper. The front porch of the small neat structure had two oversized rockers on it. It was near the edge of town but in sight of Bacon’s Dry Goods Store that had an upper floor where the Bacon family lived. Mr. Bacon was a fiercely patriotic man to the extent of having a Union flag flying from a pole atop the store. A slight cool breeze announced the end of summer.

"Evening, Miss Amanda."

"Evening, Mr. Henry."

The couple sat in the rockers and watched the sunset over Tilman’s Ridge. Neither said anything for a long while and even avoided looking at each other. They behaved like two lovers after a meaningless spat.

"I've come to take my leave of you, Miss Amanda, and to ask if you will please wait for me until after the war. I hope you still like me now that I'm going away." Amanda just stared at him in the gathering dusk. He continued with some discomfort, "When I come back, I want to ask your Pa to let us get married."

"Why do you think I would want to wait for you all that time, least of all, to marry you, Mr. Henry?"

"Well," he stammered, "I always thought you cared for me like I care for you. Don't 'courting folks' get married? Please Miss Amanda, I know you're upset with me, but I feel I got a duty to go fight and help free the slaves. Some of them might be my Pa's kinfolk. Just like the Reverend said at church last Sunday, I think it's the Christian thing to do." Amanda stared at the floor for a long minute before looking up to answer the trembling Henry.

"While I do hate your going away, I can't stay upset with you, Henry Tubman." A faint smile crossed her face as she invited the anxious suitor inside the house. He nervously rolled his hat into an unrecognizable ball and stuffed it into his coat pocket.

"Thank you, Amanda Foster. I'm much obliged."

The elder Fosters soon came into the parlor and warmly greeted Henry. The young couple sat nervously in chairs across the room from each other. Mrs. Foster took a chair next to their daughter and continued her knitting. Mr. Foster stood near the door and said, "Amanda told us you decided to go to the war. That's a powerful, big step for a young fellow, but I always said a man has got to do what he think is best."

"Thank you, sir. I believe my Pa would be proud to know his boy was ready to pick up a rifle to help set the rest of our people free."

"Well, son, since you're old enough to go to war, you must be old enough to take a drink of 'white lightning' with an old man." With that announcement, the smiling Foster produced a jug and two glasses from a cupboard. Meanwhile, the two women disappeared into the kitchen where they poured coffee and Amanda sliced a fresh apple pie that was sitting on the wood stove's warming shelf. When they returned to the parlor, the two men had drunk their toast to Henry's manhood and to a Union victory. They were ready now for the pie and coffee.

Later, the young people sat alone to talk in the glow of two oil lamps hanging by chains from a ceiling beam. Dusk had settled and the rising wind blew dead leaves against the windows. Henry and Amanda made solemn promises of fidelity and to write regularly to each other while he was away. Mostly, they just sat and held hands. Time vanished swiftly for the young lovers, and there was yet so much to say. It was difficult for them to part, knowing it might be forever. When Mr. Foster quietly entered the parlor and wound the clock on the mantle over the fireplace, they knew that was a gentle sign for the young man to leave.

Rising, Henry said farewell to the Fosters who wished him well. Amanda accompanied him to the porch where the emboldened beau suddenly took her in his arms. He brushed her lips gently with his own.

"Goodbye, Amanda Foster."

"Goodbye, Henry Tubman."

Henry felt he was walking on top of those damp clouds of fog that hugged the ground this time of year. He was delirious. Was it the effect of the glass of 'white lightning', or the taste of the faint kiss he stole on the porch? Henry didn't care which it was, because he was in love!

The next day, Henry and three other young black men left Harrison County heading east. There was no big send off ceremony, each man privately said his family farewells and had gathered at the livery stable before dawn. Although the army recruiter had signed them up for service, he provided no transportation. They had to get to Massachusetts on their own.

The journey began at first light in a wagon driven by a grumpy laborer from the stable. He was taking a load of seed corn from Frake's Mill to a customer near Cincinnati. The livery owner had offered the new recruits a ride. He also wanted the wagon driver to return to Corydon after delivering the load. Henry and the others would have to find other means of travel to complete the trip. That did not matter to the foursome who looked forward to travel and eventually seeing the Atlantic Ocean and Boston. One young fellow had brought along his banjo to entertain the group with his "pickin' and grinnin'." The quartet sang such popular songs as "Clementine," "Camptown Races," and "Amazing Grace."

Amanda had counted the days since Henry left town. It was many days later when the Corydon Postmaster handed her a letter. It was from Henry! At first, she just stared at it. Then holding the letter close to her heart, Amanda ran home. Her trembling hands finally opened the long-awaited missive and she read:

Dear Miss Amanda Foster,

We finally reached the big city of Boston, Mass. on June 15. My comrades called our trip a lark. I thought it was dusty, hot, and long. I am not complaining, but it was not like being on a riverboat where the air is clean, and you can drink the water right from the river.

Before we got to Cincinnati, some other travelers on the road warned us that slave hunters were about. These cruel men would capture any Negro they saw roaming free. Then they will sell him to a slave owner in the South. They claim it is legal because of the Fugitive Slave Law. We worried about this until the wagon driver spotted some riders in the distance. He told us to hide under the canvas wagon cover. That saved our lives! He told those bounty hunters that he was just bringing some seeds to a customer. We were very quiet and still until they rode off in the other direction.

Later on in the city, we found some other men like ourselves who were being sent east from Cincinnati on a train. How lucky we were to join with them. No one asked where we came from, so it was easy to mix in the crowd. The train coaches were full but we all got to Boston after three days of travel.

I miss Corydon and all my friends on the river. I trust that your folks are well. You are always in my special thoughts. (Please forgive my saying such a bold thing, but it comes from the bottom of my heart.)

Tomorrow my comrades from Indiana and I will get sworn into the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry! This is the first Northern all Negro regiment formed in the Union Army. Since I can read and write, the sign up officer said I should become a Sergeant right away. The days ahead will be very busy, but I will try to send you a letter as often as possible, even if it is just a line or two.

Please think about writing to me when you have time. The boys from Indiana would also like to hear some news from home. I hope to hear from you soon.

Very sincerely your friend,
Henry Tubman

Amanda had finished reading Henry's letter when her father came into the parlor. She folded the paper and returned it to the envelope before looking up. Mr. Foster's paternal gaze asked for the information she slowly stammered out. "Pa, Henry Tubman really joined the Union Army in Boston. He might become a Sergeant." A low grunt of approval was his only reaction to the news.

Joining her mother in the kitchen, Amanda told her of the letter's news. Surveying her daughter’s face, Mrs. Foster said with a mother's wisdom, "You really care for that Henry Tubman, don't you, child?"

"Yes, Ma, I think I do."

"He's a good man. Will you be writing to him?"

"Yes, Ma. Wouldn't that be right for me to do?"

"My Lord, yes Amanda." In a whisper, "Don't say anything to your Pa right now. Men folks don't know too much about such things. Leastwise Pa." The two women looked at each other then giggled together knowingly.

Dear Mr. Henry Tubman, Your letter of news from Boston came yesterday to Corydon where all life remains the same. We keep hearing that the Rebels are grouping across the Ohio in the state of Kentucky. Goodness knows, we hope they stay there. Our little militia has been drilling up and down the town square on the weekends. They look so pitiful. We also heard that some Union troops will arrive on a steamer down river a few miles. I hope they can protect us. I shudder each time I think of you and your comrades having to hide from those daring bounty hunters. Thank the Lord you did not get caught. You must tell me something about Boston and what the ladies' fashions look like. I would so much love to see the city. I know that you must be busy trying to learn everything a soldier must know. There was a note in the Corydon Democrat last week about the war. President Lincoln must be worried about Union troops going to the Carolinas. He was hoping for a victory very soon. My Ma and Pa are both well and hope that you are too. I hope the war will be over soon so you can return to Corydon.

Your true friend,
Amanda Foster

A muggy, dreary, Boston morning greeted Henry and the other recruits as they gathered in the army recruiting office. It was located in the downtown section at Cambridge and Russell streets. Lieutenant J. W. Appleton spoke to the group calling on them to prove that Negroes could serve as brave and patriotic men. He told them, "Many Americans have believed for at least a half century that when we offer you a musket, you will help break the chains of slavery forever!" Other speakers that morning included Frederick Douglass, the eminent civil rights activist. He stirred the men to applause and cheers with a short speech on the costs of freedom.

Henry and the others stood mesmerized by the speeches and were sworn in on the spot. They learned later in the day that young Colonel Robert Gould Shaw would command the 54th Massachusetts Infantry. Shaw was born into a prominent eastern family which displayed a broad social conscience. It was not a complex issue. They were against slavery and wanted it abolished.

After several tries at formal education, Shaw's restless spirit induced him to enlist in the Massachusetts militia. Later, he would accept a commission as Lieutenant in the Massachusetts Second Regiment. He also served with distinction at Antietam, sometimes called the "war's bloodiest day."

Henry slept fitfully as the troop train rumbled south from Boston to Camp Meigs at Readville. A hastily constructed facility, the camp sat on a broad plain that made it ideal for drilling the troops in good weather. When it rained, the area bogged down in mud. Henry and the rest debarked from the coaches, and received housing assignments in the camp's barracks. These old wooden structures stood row on row, surrounding a practice drill field. Henry was assigned to Company "B", until the company commander looked at his record and determined that Headquarters Company needed a clerk. The officer reasoned that anyone who could read and write should help in the Regiment's command office.

The new soldiers settled into the camp's routine with the help of a cadre of white officers. Many of the recruits, including Henry, complained that the troops had no black field officers. Acting on these reports, Colonel Shaw issued orders that each company should draw corporals and sergeants from within the ranks. Several drill and supply sergeants were soon appointed to take on those duties.

Henry's appointment as Headquarters Company Clerk, put him in charge of assembling the regiment's roster and daily report. His rank of Corporal instead of Sergeant certainly disappointed him. His comrades from Indiana all received assignments to other companies.

Having received his clothing, army gear, and a musket, Henry reported to the Sergeant in Headquarters building. Arriving in what he imagined as the correct military manner, Henry approached the Sergeant's desk. He saluted and spoke his own name and rank. The tall, black man rose with a grin. He said, "Welcome to the 54th, Corporal. I am Sergeant Louis Douglass. You will work here with me in this office when you are not drilling in the field."

"Thank you, sir. I will work hard."

"Good! We could use your penmanship in this office all day long. How many years of schooling have you had?"

"Six years, sir, at a missionary school in Corydon, Indiana. I have a good teacher friend who tutored me in arithmetic. That helped me write the log, and to get a job figuring drayage accounts for a riverboat captain. That was on the Ohio River, sir."

"I suppose you miss that teacher friend, and the river work?"

"Oh, yes sir. The teacher's name is Miss Amanda Foster." Sheepishly, Henry blurted, "I promised to write to her today." Sergeant Douglass smiled at his young assistant. Later, after a mess hall supper of boiled potatoes, meat, bread, and coffee, Henry heard more from other soldiers about the background of Sergeant Douglass.

My dear Amanda,

You cannot guess who I met today. My Sergeant is the son of the civil rights leader, Mr. Frederick Douglass! I am fortunate to serve the Union under such an intelligent gentleman. All the men in my barracks speak highly of him and quickly obey his commands. I should not complain, but the food here at Camp Meigs is not like the excellent table you (and your Mother) have often prepared for me. I miss home, and long for when the war is over.

Today, I heard a story going around in the camp that some of us should get to visit Boston next weekend. If I go, perhaps I will see Boston's large Mercantile Store. Sergeant Douglass told me of the many wonderful goods they have for sale there. He said it is so big, that some rich ladies could spend most of the day in the store and not finish shopping! I hope that after the fighting ends, you could visit Boston. Then you would see all the fine goods we do not have in Corydon.

The bugler just sounded "lights out," so I must end this letter to you. Give my kindest regards to your folks. Please write again.

Your devoted friend,
Henry

Dark rumors of war crossed the Ohio River into Southern Indiana along with a fear of invasion by the Rebels. The light Militia of Harrison County seriously continued their drills along the roads south of Corydon. There were thick groves of cottonwood and sweet gum trees throughout the area. In the summer it was a pleasure to either walk or buggy ride in the shadow of the rustling trees. The commander of the Militia was young Captain Ephriam Paul who lived on a farm near Elizabeth. He and his wife had six children. Not much of a farmer, Captain Paul often wished to become a preacher. Unfortunately, that kind of work could not adequately support a large family. As a prudent man, he continued to scratch out a living on several acres of rocky ground.

Captain Paul instructed the militiamen that their job, if invaded, was to perform a delaying action. If necessary, he would also send east to New Albany for reinforcements. The Union Army had some troops stationed there to forestall an invasion from Kentucky. Corydon's militiamen had only an odd assortment of rifles and a single cannon for protection of the area. Yet, they were resolute in their determination to rebuff any incursion of the rebels.

Atop the bluffs, Captain Paul scanned the Kentucky shoreline with his binoculars to see how hostile activities had grown. His worst fears were confirmed. He could see military preparations under way near the town of Brandenburg, Kentucky. The rebels had a large force there, aimed toward an invasion of the northern side of the Ohio River.

Little did Captain Paul know that the Confederate invasion commander was the dashing General John H. Morgan. The General was impatient for action and probably wanted to carry the war to the North by invading southern Indiana and Ohio. This strategy would give the South some sense of victory, or at least some news that the Confederate Army was not dead. Morgan had been successful in raiding Kentucky for supplies and horses. The newspapers reported that his hard- riding cavalry could even sleep while still in the saddle. Their feared battle method was to ride in with surprise, strike, and push on. So far, no Union force had stopped their assault on unarmed towns and farms.

Paul knew that the huge army of Calvary across the river could overwhelm his militia in a very short time. So he immediately sent a wire dispatch to the Union troops at New Albany. The warning suggested an impending attack somewhere near Maukport, Indiana. Corydon's home guard would valiantly fight to hold off an attack until regulars could arrive. Lamentably, Morgan had a skilled telegrapher in his troops who could "throw a wire" over the telegraph lines to intercept transmissions. The man's talents prevented the Union forces at New Albany from receiving Captain Paul's urgent message.

Dearest Henry,

I am so nervous in writing this letter. Forgive me, but I do not wish to alarm you with the news from Indiana. You have so much to do in the Army preparing for war.

First, let me say that Ma Pa and I are well and in no danger. We did have a big fright about my Pa, but it is over now. On the ninth of July, we suffered some of the miseries that are happening in the South. That day shall always live in my mind. Southern Indiana was subject to a vicious attack from the Rebels across the river. On the next day, the Editor of the Corydon Democrat wrote that the invaders numbered about 2500 horsemen! They captured a steamer on the Kentucky side and used it to cross the river near Mauxport.

Our poor, brave 350 home guards could only skirmish with those hardened soldiers south of town before giving up. We begged Pa not to go out, but he wanted to be with our boys during the fight. Later that day, those murdering horse thieves took Pa along with them to Salem so he could care for the stolen horses. We thank God, Pa escaped two nights later and came back home.

The leader of the Rebels is General John Morgan. Perhaps you have heard of him. He must have been so mad that a few country militiamen would dare fight his seasoned troops.

Although Captain Paul sent a message to the Union forces at New Albany, no help came. After our brave boys put up the white flag, the enemy poured into town. Those thieves took all the food, money, clothing, and horses they could find. They stayed only four or five hours before going north toward Salem. At least, that is what the Editor wrote in the Democrat.

Do you remember those caves on the ridge above town? Well, Ma and I hid in one of them. Pa told us we would be safe there. Of course, the Rebels did not know about the caves and did not come near us. We could see and hear all the commotion from our hiding place upon the ridge. We just knew that the Rebels would set fire to our town to destroy everything. That did not happen.

After Morgan and his men rode out of town, Ma and I came down from the ridge. We found Pa gone, and our little house ransacked. They stole all the clothes, pots and pans, and all the food. The latest news from Salem said the raiders destroyed some property then ran into the state of Ohio. Perhaps the Union Army will catch them, or at least drive them back across the river where they belong.

Our militia killed six or seven of the Rebels around Corydon and wounded many of them. Sadly, Morgan's men killed three of our home guards. One of them was the Stephenson boy whose father runs the dry goods store. People said the boy was trying to defend his mother and sister from some invading soldiers who wanted more than food and clothing. He was only fifteen years old.

I suspect you are tired of me talking about our little troubles so I will stop. Now I must get this letter ready for the mail train before noon.

Affectionately yours,
Amanda

Military training stretched into weeks for Henry and the rest of the members of the 54th. They learned marching, musketry, fighting hand-to-hand, and other techniques of waging war. Periodically, Colonel Shaw reviewed the troops as they marched on the parade ground.

One night, the Commander himself conducted a surprise visit to Henry's barracks after lights out. When the Barracks Sergeant entered the sleeping quarters holding a lantern, he shouted for attention. The sleeping soldiers growled, turned over, and dismissed it as a prank. To their dismay, there stood Colonel Shaw in full dress, including saber and sash, ready to inspect the area! Now fully awake, they fell out of their bunks and tried to assume a military posture for their commander. Striding through the building, Shaw spoke to the men in firm tones, urging them to be on guard at all times. Henry and the men of the 54th never forgot that lesson in being prepared.

As time went on, Henry longed for the comfortable clothing he wore back in Indiana. Since there was no standard uniform in the Union Army, the 54th's supply room issued an odd assortment of rough woven pants and shirts. There were no shoes. Some of the men had no boots when they arrived at camp, so they walked about in their bare feet. This led to many health problems in the cold and wet weather.

Henry's job in Headquarters gave him a chance to hear many tales about Shaw and the other officers. One such story told of the lack of adequate clothing, and how Shaw dealt with the regional supply depot. He personally confronted the officer in charge. With malice in his heart, the corrupt officer claimed there were no supplies for the all black regiment. He told Shaw that after all white units were supplied, then the 54th could have the leftovers. Those present reported there was plenty of desk pounding and shouting during the confrontation. Shaw won his case and returned to Camp Miegs with the needed supplies loaded in several wagons.

One of the soldiers accompanying Shaw, swore to his comrades that the Colonel actually drew his sword in threat. It was after suffering such intimidation, the unwilling supply officer complied with Shaw's request. Shaw's stock went up when this story passed through the camp. The soldiers now believed that Shaw could effectively lead, and they would readily follow him into battle.

My dearest Amanda,

May I call you that? My affection for you has grown stronger. Not seeing you is unbearable. I long for the day I am again in Corydon.

Your last news about Morgan's raid on Indiana was shocking. What a terrifying ordeal it must have been for you and your family. You have actually seen the war before me, yet I am the one in the army! I am glad that you are well and that your Pa escaped from the Rebels. By now, the Union forces should have taken care of General Morgan and his troops. Did they destroy the bridges and the railroad? I have heard that is one of their ways of scaring the citizens into doing what they want.

A curious situation occurred here at camp last evening. One man who could not read or write, got up enough courage to ask me to write a letter for him. As I wrote the letter to his mother, I looked up and saw a long line of the boys patiently waiting to get the same help. So many wanted help I could not finish before "taps." My next bunkmate, Andy Smith, from Kentucky, saw me writing for the others and funning called me "Schoolboy." Now, all the men in the barracks call me that. I really hate the nickname. They all wanted to pay me for the service, but I couldn’t take their money for that! This morning I found several pieces of homemade cake and a cigar on the foot of my cot. During the night some of the fellows had shared their boxes from home with me.

We are almost through with our training and should soon see battle. The supply sergeant issued new clothes, rifles, and boots to everyone in camp. My unit remains on the alert for marching orders. There are all kinds of rumors about which battle zone our unit is destined to go. I will write to you again whenever I can.

The camp talk is that the 54th will march through the streets of Boston to show that black men are ready soldiers. On that day, Colonel Shaw will lead the parade. What a proud moment that will be for Negroes everywhere! I close this letter with all my affection for you.

Always your faithful friend,
Henry

As reported in the Corydon Democrat, "Morgan's Raiders," spent a total of five days in Indiana. They struck small towns, plundered, and destroyed property as they went. The Confederate leader soon learned that General Ed Hobson, in charge of a Federal force, had gotten on his trail. This factor forced Morgan to turn away from the important rail center at Vernon and North Vernon in Jennings County. In addition, a massive group of home guards opposed the invaders. The threat of additional Union troops commanded by General Lew Wallace hastened Morgan's flight.

Rampaging through three other towns, Morgan and his hard-riding troops left Osgood and sped on into the state of Ohio. The people of Corydon breathed easier and began to assess their losses. Amanda and her mother were thankful that the abducted Foster had returned. Their horse and buggy, taken by the raiders, were never seen again. Two days later, the plucky Captain Paul gave a rousing speech in the town square in support of the valiant home guard. He urged the assembled citizens to mourn their dead and other losses, but to get on with their lives.

Many personal stories of meeting the enemy circulated in Southern Indiana. Knowing that the Confederate troops were hungry, some of the townswomen cooked food and placed it out on their porches. They hoped that gesture would soften the vengeance of the intruders. Sometimes the housewife put it on a table in the front yard as a sort of peace offering. The food was quickly taken up and consumed by the hungry Confederate soldiers. Before they left town the raiders paroled the captured home guards. All rifles, handguns, and ammunition were confiscated. The weapons were taken away by the Rebel cavalry on the backs of several horses stolen from the townspeople.

Dearest Henry,

It breaks my heart to read in your last letter that you may fight the Rebels real soon. I fear so for all the men of the 54th, but worry more about you. Please be careful and don't let those Rebels hurt you.

Last Sunday, at church, the pastor prayed for the safety of the boys from Indiana. He said all of you are fighting for our rights. Everyone cried and said, Amen!

I must tell you a funny thing that happened while the Rebels held Corydon. Mrs. Jason, next door, baked six pies and put them on a bench in the yard. She said the rebel boys looked so hungry. They were just young fellows like her son Bradford. Well, four, or five of the thieving soldiers just stood and looked at the pies until one of their officers came up and questioned them. They thought the pies might be poisoned! He calmly took the biggest apple pie, bit into it smacking his lips as he walked away. Then the soldiers made a mad scramble for the rest! Wasn't that funny?

My Pa doesn't sleep well these nights and has terrible nightmares. He sometimes wakes me up with his sounds. Ma worries about him, but he will not talk about his abduction by the Rebels. It must have been horrible.

Henry, your recent pledge of affection for me, (though forward), is accepted with pleasure and delight. Please know that you have won my heart. I think of you often and pray for your quick and safe return.

With deep affection, I am yours truly,
Amanda

When the 54th Regiment completed training, the unit received battle orders. Colonel Shaw received the ceremonial Regimental flags from Governor Andrew of Massachusetts at a special ceremony. The volunteer group then officially became Federalized troops. It was a spectacular day, both in climate and performance of the new task force of black patriots. They paraded with pride to the cadences called by the Drill Sergeants. The sound of a small bugle and drum corps added a military air to the occasion. Several important politicians, including the Governor, made flowery speeches to end the review. After praising Colonel Shaw on his achievement, the governor handed him a telegram from Secretary of War Edwin Stanton. It read: THE FIFTY-FOURTH MASSACHUSETTS WILL REPORT TO GENERAL HUNTER. MAKE REQUISITIONS, SO THAT THEY MAY GO AT ONCE.

Shaw knew that General David Hunter stationed at Hilton Head served as Commander of the Department of the South. That signified the coastal area would become their battle region. It would test whether Negroes could and would fight as soldiers. Henry and his comrades’ hearts leapt at the announcement and began polishing their new Enright Rifles and rugged leather boots to a fair thee well. That night, Camp Meigs' barracks echoed with talk of facing the enemy on his own ground. Each man loudly expressed his own anxious pre-battle bravado.

Ten days later, the men of the 54th arrived at Providence Depot in Boston's early light. Shaw met them astride his horse since he spent the night in town with his new young wife. He led the procession to the music of a marching band and an escort of Boston police. Thousands of people lined the streets to greet the parade with cheers and applause. Some hung out of second floor windows waving handkerchiefs and flags.

Henry felt honored to march alongside Sergeant Douglass in the first rank of troops. From the corner of his eye he watched eighteen-year old Ellen Shaw wave from an upper balcony of the Shaw family house at 44 Beacon Street. Colonel Shaw, in a grand gesture of chivalry, paused, kissed his sword, raised it in salute and waved goodbye to his wife. He nor she did not know then that this gallant farewell was forever.

Also standing proudly on the parade route was the distinguished Frederick Douglass who watched his two stalwart sons march by. What a triumphant moment for the cause of civil rights in America!

Dear Amanda,

We toss and turn aboard a steamer out in the Atlantic Ocean. It is close enough to shore to see the trees and houses. Our officers tell us that the trip will take a day or two to reach our destination. Good weather and calm seas will help us make the journey without much seasickness. Burke Mitchell, our mail clerk, promised to get our letters back to the Boston Post Office when the ship returns there. I hope that he is right. That way, you will get this letter sooner.

It is hard to sleep down below deck because of the heat and close quarters. I brought my bedroll out on deck where the air is a little better. Right now, the stars are shining bright, and there is a small piece of moon to light the way. I write this letter by the light of a small candle lantern one of the sailors let me use.

The spray thrown up by the ship's bow cutting through the water glows strangely in the dark. The sailors aboard told me that little sea animals come to the surface to feed at night, and that is what we see.

This ship has a very large and strong engine. It takes a lot of firewood to stoke the firebox which heats water to make steam that turns the engine. Some day I hope to serve as captain of a seagoing vessel like this one. This ship is larger and more powerful than any boats I have seen on the Ohio River.

The rumor aboard ship is that we will attack one of the batteries guarding Charleston Harbor. Others believe that our destination lies further south, maybe Georgia or Florida. I must close now, because the candle has burned down too far to give good light.

Please pray for our victory.
Your devoted Henry

During this war, both Union and Confederate Armies consisted chiefly of volunteers. Many young men may have never fired a rifle, or walked a mile in the heat or cold. Thus, they were amateur armies engaged in fighting over a vast territory. The Federal government had only a small professional military, and that was the Army of the Potomac.

It later became Henry's duty to gather the newest recruits and instruct them in rifle practice. He proved good at teaching and shooting. Sergeant Douglass also spent many hours teaching them fighting tactics for the coming battle. He was determined that the raw recruits would become a bold fighting force in a short period of time.

To Henry's amazement, the Union Army did not recruit cooks and bakers to prepare the troop meals. In fact, Henry and the other men became accustomed to individually cooking their own meals of bacon, hardtack, and coffee. Since it was not possible to carry vegetables and other perishables in a knapsack, preparing a meal was an arduous task. Each day in the field, the soldiers had to cook in a frying pan over an open fire. Some resourceful troopers combined their rations and made themselves a more palatable meal when time permitted. More often than not, the soldiers had to fight a second enemy – poor nutrition.

Fortunately, Commander Shaw recognized the problem of the men feeding themselves. In an attempt to remedy the situation, he randomly chose several soldiers to serve as cooks and bakers. While the selected men were not experienced cooks, the food miraculously improved. When local produce and salt and pepper were added to the meals, they seemed almost elegant in comparison.

Before its first battle, the Fifty-fourth debarked from the steamer transport at the town of Beaufort, South Carolina. They marched through the old, but charming town while its inhabitants slept. Months before, Union forces had seized plantations in the area as spoils of war. Soldiers, government-employed civilians, and a few former slaves now occupied many houses. An abandoned cotton field near town became the bivouac area for the Fifty-fourth. The men were able to rest and set up a campsite. Fortunately, the weather and the ground were dry that let the soldiers erect their tents and other temporary shelters with few problems. Soon a tent city arose in the midst of an area where for generations crops of cotton formally grew and were harvested.

Soon, the Fifty-fourth had its baptism of fire when the pickets of the opposing armies skirmished against each other. The firefights usually took place on the area's marshland islands in the dead of night. Often, the sniping soldiers could hear each other talking and even singing during the brief encounters. Since they could not see each other in the dark, seldom did the bullets fired strike anyone. Both sides were grateful for that.

The Fifty-fourth’s defining moment came in an attack on the strongest Rebel battery protecting Charleston Harbor – Fort Wagner. Built by slave labor from dirt and nearby sand deposits, it had solid fortifications made from logs. Heavily armed with cannons and other weapons, it had bombproof shelters that withstood recent heavy Union Naval bombardment. The scanty military intelligence available to the Union did not include these important details of the fort's defenses. The absence of this information led the Union field commanders to believe that a single regiment could easily capture it. A further questionable decision from the Regional Command ordered a direct assault upon its sally port that proved to be impenetrable. Despite the foreboding circumstances, the troops followed the orders with loyal devotion.

Late in the evening of July 18th, Shaw and his men forced the frontal attack on Fort Wagner. Other Union troops supported them on the flanks. A heavy Union naval bombardment continued through the night to soften up the target. It was expected that land troops would mount the earthen bulwarks and attack the garrison. Shaw walked among the troops exhorting them to "prove themselves." He was a model of courage and determination. Henry and the others nervously waited with bayonets fixed and pounding hearts.

They paused for the order to rise and advance. When it came, they rushed as one toward the enemy's stronghold. Henry saw Colonel Shaw holding the National Colors high and brandishing his saber. He called for a full charge and led the way. The boys of the Fifty-fourth trotted through the brush and water holes along the beach before breaking into a full run. They screamed, hooted, and hollered to the tops of their voices. Victory was to be theirs! Front rank troops received a withering Confederate fire while two hundred yards away. The blistering sheet of flame did not deter them as they advanced up the embankment. Henry began firing his rifle at the edge of the ditch in front of the fort. He then leapt over the bodies of some of his comrades who fell from musket fire of the defenders. It was hard going all the way for the defenders fought like the victory would be soon be on their side. Rebel yells filled the air along with rifle balls and slashing sabers and stabbing bayonets. Progress up the fort’s slopes soon came to a standstill.

Neither death, nor its threat could stop the Fifty-Fourth’s men in their quest for victory. Henry followed the strong voice of Sergeant Douglass as he urged them on. From a high position on the slope, Henry caught a glimpse of Colonel Shaw as he fell, mortally wounded. The bravery of the men in hand-to-hand combat was evident on both sides. Neither gave quarter until the firepower of the defenders outmatched the attackers. The fury of the initial attack wore itself out. Even when the support troops attacked from the flank, the defenders held firm. There would be no successful storming of Fort Wagner this day.

Henry and the able bodied men of the regiment withdrew from the fighting zone at the order to fallback. The bugler sounded retreat several times until he too was silenced by a Rebel rifle shot. In the absence of Colonel Shaw's firm hand, the capable Captain Luis Emilio endeavored to regroup the troops. Henry picked up the regimental banner before leaving the field of fire. He found it cradled in the lifeless arms of the soldier who had carried it.

Sometime later, Henry found that an enemy's bayonet had slashed his left side. The blood soaked his shirt and now ran down his leg. He grasped the wound with his hand and tried to stop the bleeding. All around him the wounded pleaded for help. The withdrawal, while resolute, did not save all of the troops. Some were left alone in the marsh, perhaps to die. A lucky few, carried by their fellows escaped the awesome fire from the embattled fort.

Despite being wounded, Henry hoisted another downed soldier onto his shoulders and struggled to the rear. He could barely manage to also drag the banner and his rifle along. When he reached the medical aid area, he eased the lifeless form off his shoulders to the ground. Then, Henry collapsed from his own exhaustion and loss of blood.

Dear Miss Foster,

I am writing for your friend (and my brave soldier), Henry Tubman. Unfortunately, he received serious wounds in the battle for Fort Wagner. He can now sit up and take some nourishment. Perhaps in a few days he will go to a nearby hospital to recuperate.

I am proud to say that this young man acquitted himself well in the battle. He also rescued a wounded soldier and recovered the fallen regimental banner. Such patriotism, loyalty, and daring under fire merits recognition. Therefore, Henry received an immediate promotion to the rank of Sergeant. Our officers have sent his name in to Regional Command as being eligible for a heroic award. We shall have to wait to see what results will come from that recommendation.

Henry wishes you to know that when recovered, he chooses to remain with the regiment. He feels that his duty to the Union and the freedom of slaves is not completed.

Good news, Miss Foster! Two days ago, the regiment mustered for their first full pay. (It was extremely late coming.) Henry asks that you safeguard the enclosed draft that comprises his back pay until he returns to Corydon. It is his desire to use it and other money he earns, to purchase a small house in Harrison County. He hopes that you will continue to wait for him until the war ends. Henry has told me that he wants very much for the two of you to marry.

Henry sends his best regards to your parents and his love to you.

Sincerely,
Master/Sergeant L. Douglass

The war ground on and the killing continued. The Union made small gains of territory. The South ran out of food, arms, and young men for soldiers. Opposing armies fought many battles throughout a wide area of the country. It ranged from the Mississippi River east to the Atlantic coast and from Pennsylvania south to the Gulf. Both sides were losing many men to both war and disease. Medical care for the troops on both sides was sparse and often inadequate to the situation. Climactic conditions did not help much. In fact, most of the fighting bogged down with the cold and the rain. Some armies could not move for months on end during the winters.

Henry was sent to a regional temporary Union hospital in liberated territory. But not much was known in the medical profession about asepsis, or the causes of infection that visited most of the injured. Without adequate or correct medical help, a simple scratch from a thorn bush could spell disaster. A soldier would get an infection, take with a fever, develop pneumonia, and die. Starvation and disease wreaked a heavy toll for both the Union and the Confederacy armies.

Perhaps his strong constitution helped Henry to fight off infection in his wounded side, and to survive the unsanitary conditions of the hospital. Temporarily located in an abandoned church building with a leaking roof, it stood some distance away from the battle area. Many patients suffered from either a malady such as malaria, or from a festering war wound. Several communicable diseases were passed around to patients and medical staff because of medical and sanitation ignorance.

During his stay, Henry found ways to busy himself around the hospital grounds. He sometimes cleaned windows, raked the compound, or spent time reading the Bible to the very sick, some as they lay dying. Time went slowly until Henry's strength returned. He wanted very much to rejoin his regiment.

Finally, the day came for his discharge from medical care. He was cleared to rejoin his unit in the field. Henry headed for the battle zone anxious to see his friends again and ready to continue the march South. He and several other mended soldiers rode in a wagon to the sleepy town of Walton. From there, a scheduled train would carry them somewhere near their units. They would have to hike the rest of the way.

A surging river, called the Scranton Flume, flowed through the middle of Walton. It plunged rapidly to the sea. While waiting for the train, Henry walked down to the river and saw a captured Rebel steamer moored at the dock. He strolled over to the gangplank and seeing no one on duty there, stepped aboard. The ship seemed in good repair with its deck gear well stored in proper places. Curious, Henry slipped into the wheelhouse and placed his hands on the large wheel that controlled the rudder. All of the familiar instruments gleamed in brass and polished mahogany wood. He imagined himself back on the Ohio River, pushing a string of barges down to Evansville.

"Looks good, don't she, son?" Startled by the voice, Henry turned to see a short, very dark man standing in the doorway. He had a baldpate and wore just his trousers, no shirt, or shoes. As he wiped strong hands on a greasy rag, his biceps flexed and shoulder muscles rose and fell as if on cue.

"Yessir!"

"You like boats?"

"I sure do. I used to work on one down on the Ohio River. Do you know where that is?"

"Don't rightly know, but ain't it somewhere west of here?"

"Yessir. A long way west. Well, I'll go now. I must take the train to get back in the battle."

"You got plenty of time to wait. That old train ain't due for a few hours. I'm working on the firebox below and just came up topside for a drink." He went to a locker in the wheelhouse and took out a bottle of “white lightning." Here, have a swig soldier, before you go back to the war. You'll need it." Both men took heavy drafts of the whiskey, all the while coughing and pounding their chests at the power of the unbridled stuff.

They exchanged names and were about to have another drink, when a Union Lieutenant arrived on the scene. Henry snapped to attention. The officer assumed Henry was the only soldier sent to guard the vessel. He anxiously asked if the firebox had been repaired. Before getting an answer, the impetuous officer ordered them to “carry on” then promptly left to join another officer and two local young women on the dock. The merry foursome strolled away toward a tavern where bawdy piano music could be heard.

Isaac, his newfound friend, and Henry laughed at the officer's mistake and each took another turn at the whiskey bottle. Relaxing on the deck, Isaac told Henry that for most of his life he had been a slave in Georgia. Five years ago he received his freedom by manumission when the plantation owner died. Now he was this town's blacksmith and ironworker. He seemed to like it.

When the Union forces captured the steamer, the land troops did not have the skill to sail it. All the crew had been either killed in the fight, or put into a prisoner camp outside Walton. The captain of the ship had disappeared. It was not known whether he fell overboard during the fight and perished, or simply ran away in the confusion. The Union troops had already renamed the boat, "The Lincoln," then promptly tied it up at the dock. Isaac was hired by the Union Commander in Walton to repair the ship’s ironwork, including the cracked firebox. There was the expectation that a ship pilot would some day come from the North and turn the “Lincoln” over to the Union Navy as contraband of war.

A slight commotion at the quayside caught the duo's attention. A detachment of Negro soldiers and a white officer jumped down from two wagons. They fell into formation, and marched to the dock next to the Lincoln. As they got closer, Henry stood up. He recognized some of his regiment comrades and Captain Keller of "A" Company. Standing at attention, Henry saluted the officer who returned it with a smile.

"Thank you, Sergeant," he said. "I am relieving you and the Lieutenant of responsibility." Captain Keller also had assumed that Henry's new assignment was duty aboard the ship.

"You are now under my command along with these other men. Our mission is to remove this ship from the landing and take it out to sea. The Union Navy will then take control and use it for coastal patrol duty.”

As an experienced soldier, Henry knew better than to dispute a line officer's orders, so he put the detachment at ease. He requested the civilian Isaac, to show the men the workings of the ship. Grinning broadly at the mix-up, and giving Henry a sly wink, Isaac stepped forward and explained to the soldiers about the engine and how it propels the ship with steam power.

Captain Keller called Henry aside to say, "Sergeant, you know, I have only sailed on a two-place ketch in Boston Harbor on Sunday afternoons. The Regional Commander assigned me to this duty thinking there would be the Rebel pilot to sail it. What do you know about ships like this?"

My Dear Hero Henry,

I am devastated to hear of your painful wound from the battle of Fort Wagner. The very thought of your having to stay in a smelly hospital for all this time is more than I can bear. By now, you should be all better. Will you come home? I hope so.

All of Corydon knows that you were heroic in battle. They send a wish for your safe return. There is talk of putting your name and deeds into the Legislative Record when the State Legislature convenes here in the spring. You should be very proud.

It was so kind of your Sgt. Douglass to write your letter while you were still too ill to do it yourself. Please thank him for me. The letter took ages to reach me. I have prayed so hard for your safety. Please be more careful.

By the time you get this letter, I will no longer be living in Corydon. I was offered a position as teacher in Miss Jessie's private school in Indianapolis. This is an excellent opportunity for me to have a fine career. Tomorrow, I shall leave for the city. My stipend will be $15.00 a month, plus free room and board. Isn't that wonderful?

Henry, I must confess that I am a bit nervous about living away from home. Miss Jessie has asked Rev. and Mrs. Reginald Mayo to let me room with them. He pastors the Ransom AME Church, and their lovely home is next door to the school building.

While I am happy about the new position, my Ma and Pa wish for me to remain in Corydon. Yes, I shall miss them, but will spend summers back home. I close this letter with all my love for Corydon's only true hero.

Always yours,
Amanda

It took several days for Henry and the others to get familiar with the Lincoln's gear and machinery. Isaac, of course, helped most in preparing the ship’s boiler for travel down river. Henry told the Captain about his river experience and how much he wanted to sail on the sea. A relieved Captain Keller immediately designated Henry as the pilot.

With good luck, and no Rebel interference, the journey to the sea might take only a day or two. Then the Navy could take over and put the ship into transport service along the coast. Captain Keller approved all the work done and even paid Isaac the local wage, but spent most of his time lounging about the local tavern. He also patronized the "ladies of the evening" who plied their trade to the white Union officers.

Henry could not get his mind off Amanda's moving to the big city of Indianapolis. He often wondered, if she would forget all about him. Worse, he worried that she might meet another well- established older man and accept his offer of marriage. These disturbing thoughts crowded Henry’s mind, but not to the extent of causing daily confusion or inability to perform his soldierly duties. He had learned to put matters into perspective and not lose the important sense of survival.

For Henry, life aboard ship had an exciting promise to it. He also urged Isaac to take the journey with them to the sea. In addition to his skills with ironwork, Isaac also knew the peculiarities of the tides and river channels. That would prove invaluable to the safety of all aboard. Isaac agreed to go with them and share the adventure as well as the risks.

When the Lincoln was ready for a trial run, Henry sent a soldier to the riverfront tavern for the Captain and prepared to shove off. They were all surprised when the ship behaved so well. It was a shallow draft vessel, driven by side wheels that could also reverse when needed. A loud shout of success went up from the soldiers-turned-sailors, when they finally got under way. For safety reasons Henry thought it sensible to run only about a quarter of mile down river and back up to the mooring. He didn’t want to tip off their plan to the Rebels.

With the trial done, Captain Keller announced to the crew that they would travel after dark. That, strategy he explained, along with surprise would help them slip past the Confederate Battery located at the mouth of the river. Henry and Isaac finally convinced him that it would be impossible to see the river's contortions and sandbars in the darkness. Eventually, the trio agreed that most of the journey should be done during the daylight hours. They compromised on running past the battery between midnight and the first light of dawn. This would be the time of sleep and rest for the Rebel forces. Perhaps only a small contingent might be on watch for any Union activity on the river.

Next morning, Henry took the helm of the ship and rang the bells for casting off. Then with swelling pride, he signaled Isaac down below deck for full steam as they steadily moved forward. Few witnesses from the sleeping town saw the Lincoln leave the dock and head down stream. Either they didn’t care, or were confused as to what was transpiring. So no hue and cry went up to disturb the populace. Captain Keller stood beside Henry in the wheelhouse, eyes wide with anticipation as the steamer moved out into the first channel. He was in full dress uniform.

"Captain Keller," Henry began, "I am not familiar with the river channels, so someone must stand on the bow to take regular depth soundings. That way, we won't run aground. I'm afraid the other men cannot manage numbers like you." Then with a surreptitious smile, he added, "You, sir, are the only one aboard with a watch. Would you take the sounding line forward until the ship is well into the deep channel?"

At first, the young officer bristled at the suggestion coming from a non-commissioned officer, but recognized the logic and said, "We must achieve our mission. I am under orders to bring this ship out in one piece. Give me the line, Sergeant." He removed the gold-braided jacket and sword, checked his waist coat watch and took a position on the starboard side. Captain Keller began reporting in a loud voice over his shoulder to Henry every sixty seconds of movement. He would drop the weighted rope into the water until it hit bottom. Then he would note the markings on the line that indicated the depth at that point. Hopefully, this would prevent the ship from running into any obstruction such as a submerged sandbar, or a shallow bottom.

Captain Keller called out, "Fifteen -- fifteen and a half -- fifteen -- fifteen -- fourteen -- fourteen and a half -- Watch out for a sandbar dead port side – thirteen and a half. . ." It went nervously like that for at least two hours of travel.

After a long torturous journey down the twisting river full of sandbars and flotsam, the Lincoln eventually reached the deep channel. Sailing was easier there for some time. Isaac came from below with a disturbing question, "Sergeant, we should be close to the Rebel battery. Do you think they might see the smoke from our stack? What shall we do next?"

"We should wait for darkness and try to run the battery in the first rays of dawn – with Captain Keller's permission, of course." Hearing his name, the napping Keller spoke up, "Sergeant, you are the pilot. The strategy you outlined might work out for us. As a ruse, suppose I run up the Rebel flag on the front mast and perhaps fool them into thinking we are friendly. I'll also have the Union flag tucked into my jacket to exchange when we reach the sea."

"Aye, aye, sir!" said Henry, lapsing into nautical language he once used back on the Ohio boats. Then giving orders to Isaac and the crew to reduce speed, the Lincoln slowed and dropped anchor. Gradually, the Lincoln became still in the water. Isaac and the firebox tenders released the excess steam from the boilers and let the fire settle. Glumly eating the ever-present hardtack and bacon rations, the ship's crew quietly awaited darkness.

My darling Amanda,

Your last letter made me feel both happy and sad. I am happy that you have such a fine position with Miss Jessie's School. I am very sad that you will leave Corydon. You must accept the position since it is to be your life's work. I am already jealous of the city men who will be asking for your company. Please be careful of the fast life in Indianapolis. I have heard there are taverns on every corner and that robbers abound. I will think of you all the time.

Now, I must tell you of some big changes in my own life. As I write, I look out of the porthole of a ship named "The Lincoln." It is now under my command! Our troops captured the steamer on the river in Walton, South Carolina. I was returning to my regiment from the hospital when Captain Keller asked me to pilot the vessel.

After a few days of preparation, we ran the Lincoln past the Rebel battery guarding the mouth of the river. How lucky we were! We suffered only one casualty when the Rebels discovered we were not on their side. They fired at us, trying to sink the ship, but missed. Captain Keller was wounded by grapeshot while running the Union flag up the mast. I believe he will recover nicely from the wounds.

The Captain of the U.S. Navy gunboat that intercepted us on the ocean, could not spare any sailors to help us. He just checked our bearings and set a course to bring us safely to the Boston Harbor.

The Navy headquarters here asked the Union Army to grant me an immediate discharge and transfer so I could officially command the Lincoln. Now, I have the rank of Ensign. Amanda, this means I have reached the goal I hoped for some day. I am in charge of my own seagoing ship!

It should take several days to complete repairs and improvements to The Lincoln. I must be present to insure that everything is done well. A crew of assigned sailors will come aboard tomorrow and we will join other steamers carrying Union troops to the battle areas. When the repairs are done, I should get a few days leave so I will take the train back to Indiana. Please be in Corydon when I arrive. If not, I will ask your Pa for your Indianapolis address and I will visit you there. Please wait for me.

Your adoring friend -- who loves you very much,
Henry
(Ens. U.S. Navy)

It would take nearly two years of war, separation, and many letters before Amanda and Henry could spend more than a day together. Amanda taught both young children and adults at Miss Jessie's school each day. The grateful congregation of the Market Avenue A.M.E. Church heard Amanda sing in the Choir each Sunday morning. The pastor led them in prayer for the safety of the Union troops and Navy as they fought the Confederacy to end slavery.

For months, Henry sailed the Lincoln down the coastal waters of the Atlantic loaded with thousands of fresh soldiers. They were battle ready and anxious to fight. Disembarking the human cargo, the Lincoln steamed back north with many wounded men brought aboard. They had served their country well and needed better medical care and eventual discharge from the armed service. During these long months, Henry built a good reputation as a skilled sailing master.

Outlasting the Confederates with men and supplies and capturing certain strategic areas of the South, the Union finally won the war after four devastating years. It was by far the bloodiest and costly war ever waged on the earth. The time for healing the hurt, and moving ahead as one nation faced both North and South. No one believed the discord between warring brothers would quickly end. There was too much blood on the land.

With the surrender of The Confederate General Robert E. Lee to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomatox Courthouse, the war was officially over. Henry mustered out of the Navy with the prized rank of Lieutenant.

The anxious, prospective groom hurried to Corydon to claim his bride. It was a crisp October day that the happy couple "jumped over the broom," in celebration of an old African custom. It signified that their community recognized the marital promises to each other. The Reverend Mr. Mayo also came from Indianapolis to bless and pronounce them husband and wife.

The Tubman wedding party was held in the front yard of the Foster's home. Amanda's father formally toasted the pair with Muscadine wine he had made himself and stored for a year. To the amusement of the assemblage, with glass held high, he told the couple, "May your life be filled with joy, and may all your troubles be small ones -- and I hope they are all boys!"

Later, friends attending the simple ceremony enjoyed the modest wedding feast of roasted ham, potatoes, green peas, turnip greens, beaten biscuits, watermelon pickles and jelly cake. That night, the newly married Mr. and Mrs. Henry Tubman went off by train to Boston.

Henry's sailing experience earned him a position as the Captain of a small merchant ship out of Boston. It carried food and other goods along the Atlantic coast from Boston northward to Bangor, Maine.

Amanda's teaching skills and dedication helped her to advance quickly in a small Boston school. Soon, she became the school director. While she hated Henry's long stays at sea, she was happy that they both worked at what each one liked.

One night a year later, Henry came home from the sea to find Amanda gorging herself with sweets, pickles, cold corn pudding, and other fattening foods. He didn't know whether to be angry, or worried about her glutinous behavior. Before he could ask for an explanation, Amanda looked at him sheepishly and between bites whispered, "Henry, I think we're making 'little feet!" Shocked by the food scene and the surprise announcement, Henry echoed, "Making little feet? Does that mean you are -- I mean, are we going to have a little baby – Amanda, do you think it might be a boy?" The happy couple hugged each other and danced around the kitchen table in their newfound joy.